The initiative has later been endorsed by the african union as a pan african initiative with. The great green wall for the sahara and the sahel initiative ggw, a pan african program with a strong reforestation focus, is the latest and most ambitious of these development programs to date. The trans sahara counter terrorism partnership tsctp is a multiyear, interagency program to counter violent extremism cve by building the resilience of marginalized communities so that they can resist radicalization and terrorist recruitment, and to counter terrorism ct by building longterm security force. Nine concepts identified for crossborder projects, and another under development. The united states foreign policy in africa in the 21st century. The centre 4s was established in june 2011 to help countries in the sahel take the lead.
Evaluate ccos knowledge on contingency contracting planning. The g5 sahel is an intergovernmental cooperation framework created on 16 february 2014 at the initiative of the mauritanian chairmanship of the african union. The countries of the sahel region of africa continue to face significant security problems, with. Pansahelian initiative how is pansahelian initiative. Jsotf trans pan sahel counterterrorism initiative mission in africa.
The arab awakening in 2011 and the subsequent collapse of the ben ali, mubarak, and qadhafi regimes in tunisia, egypt, and libya, respectively, left a security vacuum across a region whose police states had provided a bulwark against the spread of terrorism and violent extremism. Its successor, the transsahara counter terrorism initiative tscti, added algeria, morocco, nigeria, senegal, and tunisia. A new approach for the sahel institute for global change. Compiled results for the sahel and lake chad, horn of. The goal of tscti is to counter terrorist influences in the region and assist. Improving counterterrorism capabilities from malis many problems to be regarded as an isolated problem sus.
Phillip ulmer, usaf special to american forces press service. Through continued efforts like the pan sahel initiative of 2002 and subsequent transsaharan counterterrorism partnership initiated in 2005, the state department and department of defense struggle to leverage interagency partnerships and multinational cooperation within the sahel region to wage war on terrorism and enhance regional peace and. The pansahel initiative, according to a november 7, 2002, office of counterterrorism, u. Both border algeria and libya and are thus in close proximity of transnational jihadi influence. Nov 07, 2002 the pan sahel initiative, according to a november 7, 2002, office of counterterrorism, u. Peaceful uses initiative pui project profile iaea technical cooperation project raf7011, integrated and sustainable management of shared aquifer systems and basins of the sahel region project context the sahel region stretches across the african continent from the atlantic ocean to the red sea. The great green wall for the sahara and the sahel initiative as an opportunity to enhance resilience in. A new approach for the sahel summary the sahel has the capacity to be a massive disruptive force, stimulating fresh pressures of migration and extremism, unless it is addressed by a comprehensive plan of action. The great green wall of sahara and sahel initiative. Midterm performance assessment of usaids resilience in. The great green wall for the sahara and the sahel initiative. Priorities and objectives for each strategic area with results and indicators 6. A strong image to unite the efforts in the fight against land degradation and poverty covering initially an area 15 km wide and 7,775 km long from dakar to djibouti map 1, the great green wall is a metaphor to depict a mosaic.
Nine questions about the trans sahara counter terrorism. The great green wall for the sahara and sahel initiative ggwssi was launched in 2005 as a strong political response to serious challenges posed by desertification, land degradation, the loss of biodiversity, climate change and related extreme events in particular. The pan sahel initiative psi was a us state department funded program in the northern african countries of mali, mauritania, niger, and chad designed to enhance border capabilities throughout the region against arms smuggling, drug trafficking, and. This zone has a combustible mix of deeply rooted chronic poverty, food. The g5 countries comprised of burkina faso, chad, mali, mauritania. The map used by washington for combating terrorism under the pansahel initiative sa ys a lot. The transsaharan counterterrorism partnership tsctp is an interagency plan by the united states government, combining efforts by both civil and military agencies, to combat terrorism in transsaharan africa. Part 2 multiannual indicative programme 20142017 section 5. Climate change, drought and pastoralism in the sahel. Pan sahel initiative military wiki fandom powered by wikia. The rise initiative aims to improve the resilience of households and communities in vulnerable areas of burkina faso and niger. Examining the diversity of salafism in the sahel the salafi communities in the sahel countries of niger and mali display different trajectories despite sharing important similarities.
Transsaharan counterterrorism initiative wikipedia. The pansahel initiative, according to a november 7, 2002, by the office of counterterrorism, u. As part of its project on peace and security in the sahelsahara region, ipis africa program has partnered with the mauritaniabased think tank, the centre for strategies for security in the sahel sahara region. Department of state news release, is a stateled effort to assist mali, niger, chad, and mauritania in detecting and responding to suspicious movement of people and goods across and within their borders through training, equipment and cooperation. First conference of the great green wall for the sahara. Reprinted by permission of westview press, a member of. Transsaharan counterterrorism initiative military wiki. Examples of counterterrorism collaboration include the 2002 pan sahel initiative which became the. This file contains additional information such as exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. It is an extraordinary coincidence that it was precisely in a region identified as important for strategic and economic reasons and. Rise resilience in the sahel enhanced west africas sahel is an arid band stretching 1. The oasis initiative organizing to advance solutions in the sahel organizer lavancement des solutions au sahel the western world had no idea what sahel was because history has taken the attention of nato and western countries to iraq and to afghanistan, but sahel is potentially even. The sahel was important enough for the roman emperor hadrian 768 ce to build a wall across the.
There is a ticking time bomb waiting to go off in the sahel. The pan sahel initiative, according to a november 7, 2002, by the office of counterterrorism, u. Green wall for the sahara and sahel initiative ggwssi in nigeria. Overall strategy line and main priority areas 11 4. People of the sahara sahel have been active participants in the history of the region and beyond, not mere victims of foreign interventions. Support to the impementation of the great green wall for the. The pansahel initiative stephen ellis those denizens of washington sometimes described as strategists, policywonks and beltway insiders are, most unusually, developing a keen interest in west africa. Apr 08, 2014 the past three years have seen drastic change sweep across the sahel and maghreb. Strategy line 11 part 2 multiannual indicative programme 20142017 section 5. The euiom joint initiative comprises the following pillars of action. Sbcc support to the resilience and economic growth in the sahelenhanced resilience regis er project, awarded to a consortium led by the national cooperative business association ncba cooperative league of the usa clusa international. This initiative was renamed and expanded in 2005 to include as new partners algeria, morocco, tunisia, senegal and nigeria. The pan sahel initiative psi trained and equipped one rapidreaction company, about 150 soldiers, in each of the four sahel states. Transsahara counter terrorism initiative that now involves both north african and sahelian states.
The war on terrorism in africa council on foreign relations. This flash report aims to present the compiled results of the joint initiative in i the sahel and lake chad, ii north africa, and iii the horn of africa. Crisis in the sahel the bixby center for population, health. Frances action in the sahel ministry for europe and. The pan sahel initiative stephen ellis those denizens of washington sometimes described as strategists, policywonks and beltway insiders are, most unusually, developing a keen interest in west africa. Test ccos ability to react to a real world crisis situation. The tscti built on the successful pan sahel initiative psi, launched after the terrorist attacks on 11 september 2001 to prevent terrorists from setting up safe havens in africa.
The initiative aims to support the efforts of local communities in the sustainable management and use of forests, rangelands and other natural resources in drylands. Issue brief threats to peace and security in the sahel. Algerias underused potential in security cooperation in. The pan sahel initiative, according to a november 7, 2002, news release by the office of counterterrorism, u. The trans sahara counter terrorism partnership is the u. Algeria, burkina faso, chad, mauritania, mali, morocco, niger, nigeria, senegal, and tunisia.
Strategy and action plan for capacity development in support. Ggwssi great green wall for the sahara and sahel initiative 5. First international conference on the great green wall for. Pdf the great green wall for the sahara and the sahel. The great green wall for the sahara and the sahel initiative ggw, a pan african program with a strong reforestation focus, is the latest and most ambitious of these development programs to. Announcing the journal of interdisciplinary studies of the. Timbuktu, mali, march 8, 2004 soldiers assigned to the 1st battalion, 10th special forces group airborne in stuttgart, germany, are training african soldiers along the outer reaches of the sahara desert in support of the global war on terrorism. The initiative aims to address the issues of land degradation and desertification in the sahel and sahara, boost food security and support communities to adapt climate change. Sahel initiative, a pan african programme, was launched in 2007 by the african union assembly. Organized crime and conflict in the sahelsahara region. Department of state security assistance program focusing on four countries in the sarah region of africa. Its goal is to reverse land degradation and desertification in the sahel and sahara, boost food security and support local communities to adapt to.
The goal of tscti is to counter terrorist influences in the. Climate change, drought and pastoralism in the sahel discussion note for the world initiative on sustainable pastoralism, prepared by nick brooks, november 2006 questions on adaptation with the recent conference of the parties to the united nations framework convention on. Office of counterterrorism washington, dc november 7, 2002. Leaders of 11 countries in the sahel conceived the vision in 2005, and the ggwi officially launched in 2007 under the auspices of the african union. Washingtons policy of fabricating terrorism in the region in 200203 in order to justify the launch of its new front in the global war on terror gwot, followed by the pansahel initiative psi and the transsahara counterterrorism initiative tscti in 2004 and 2005 respectively, were planned and structured events. In 2009, as part of a new socom directive, the group is. The 10th special forces group airborne is an active duty united states army special forces sf group. Pan sahel initiative will provide 60 days of training to mili. Development and adoption of 8 national action plans. However, based on common development chal lenges, the uniss sahel plan is only limited to 10 countries burkina faso, cameroon, the gambia, guinea, mali, mauritania, niger, nigeria, senegal and chad. The initiative was originally conceived as a thematic project, focusing on creation of a wall of trees of some 15 km wide and 7,775 km long from dakar to. Since its inception in 2007 the great green wall for the sahara and sahel initiative has evolved into a pan african sustainable landscape program to address land degradation and deserti.
The pan sahel initiative psi was a us state department funded program in the northern african countries of mali, mauritania, niger, and chad designed to enhance border capabilities throughout. The ggwssi is a recent regional attempt in africa to focus on addressing desertification in a more coherent manner. Pan sahel initiative 109 african crisis response initiative acri 109 conclusion 110 notes 111 contents ix oebade 00 fmaof2 1814 10. Based in nouakchott, mauritania, it seeks to fight insecurity and support development with a view to opening up the region. The great green wall initiative ggwi is a unified vision and response to these challenges. Great green wall for sahara and the sahel initiative. Operation juniper shield formerly known as operation enduring freedom trans sahara oefts is the military operation conducted by the united states and partner nations in the saharasahel region of africa, consisting of counterterrorism efforts and policing of arms and drug trafficking across central africa. Department of state, was a stateled effort to assist mali. Sep 04, 2014 all g5 members have benefited from the pan sahel initiative, created in 2002, which became the transsaharan counterterrorism initiative in 2005. Department of state, was a stateled effort to assist mali, niger, chad, and mauritania in detecting and responding to suspicious movement of people and goods across and within their borders through training, equipment and cooperation. Special forces support pan sahel initiative in africa. Pan sahel initiative psi, transsahara counterterrorism partnership tsctp, african crisis response initiative acri, african contingency operations and training assistance acota, international military education and training imet, counterterrorism.
Through continued efforts like the pan sahel initiative of 2002 and subsequent transsaharan counterterrorism partnership initiated in 2005, the state department and department of defense struggle to leverage interagency partnerships and multinational cooperation within the sahel region to wage war on terrorism and enhance regional peace and security. Regionalisation of counterterrorism strategies in the sahel. Officially, the main objective is for actors to prevent factors that lead to radicalism, but this rhetoric should not hide a more complex reality. The sahel, semiarid region of africa extending from senegal eastward to the sudan or from the atlantic ocean to the red sea. The initiative aims to grow an 8,000kmlong line of trees and plants across the. Specificities of the pan african programme 9 section 4. And sahel initiative, climate change and gender issue volume 2 issue 2, 2014.
The transsaharan counterterrorism initiative tscti is an interagency plan by the united states government, combining efforts by both civil and military agencies, to combat terrorism in transsaharan africa. The tsctp is an extension of the earlier pan sahel initiative psi, which began in 2003 with a 2. Impact formulation and adoption of a regional harmonised strategy for ggwssi. Great green wall for the sahara and sahel initiative. The 10th special forces group is responsible for operations within the eucom area of responsibility, as part of the special operations command, europe soceur. The pan african programme panaf is based on regulation eu no 2332014 establishing. The importance of organized criminal activity there stems from the fact that there are few alternative activities that produce similar profits and. In the long history of the region, the us pan sahel initiative is not as atypical as it might seem. Reprinted by permission of westview press, a member of perseus books group. Jun 30, 2018 the united nations has launched a major support plan to promote sustainable peace and inclusive growth as well as empower women and youth in africas vast sahel region. Th e range or area of activity for the terroris ts, within the b orders of algeria, liby a, niger.